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Thursday, March 29. 2007
Organizations sometimes ask me about what they should be doing to help make their sites more accessible to people with disabilities. Actually, that's not completely true. What they usually ask me is "should our site be 'ADA-compliant?'" or "do we need to meet 'Section 508?'"
Although it makes me feel like a consultant, I'm always forced to answer. "it depends." What I usually respond is that unless they are a federal agency or are involved in procurement for the federal government, there is no clear legal obligation right now. A more important consideration is your obligation to your users. What obligations do you have to your users to create an experience that is universally useful -- irrespective of the user's abilities, technologies, or other personal attributes? When creating or improving your site, you should use standards-compliant code and techniques, certainly. You should test your site with a variety of technologies and situations, definitely. But most important is to consider accessibility within the context of all of your users' needs. In other words, for most organizations, you need not try to achieve some "official" accessibility stamp of approval. Attempting to achieve a label of "accessibility compliant" isn't much more useful than attempting to achieve a label of "usability compliant." Instead, you should take steps to regularly and gradually inch your site toward making it more universally accessible -- not just during a big redesign project, but everytime you add new content or a new feature. For instance, if you have a large number of international users, they will appreciate when you add alternative texts to all of your relevant images. For many of them may be browsing over slow connections with their images disabled. Users who are blind will appreciate it too. If you have large numbers of users where English is a second language, they will appreciate it when you caption your video clips. Users who are deaf will appreciate it too. I'm speaking about these web accessibility issues next week at the 2007 Nonprofit Technology Conference here in Washington. It's a great panel titled "With Access for All." The other panelists are Beth Finke of Easter Seals and Sharron Rush of Knowbility. Beth, who happens to be blind, will demonstrate how well her speech reading software reads -- or doesn't read -- the web when visiting various sites. Sharron is going to discuss accessible techniques for newer development technologies such as AJAX. I'm going to talk about ways that web managers can think and rationally advocate accessibility-related best practices within their organizations without being branded a budget-buster or noodge. It's going to be a terrific session. If you are attending the conference, I hope to see you there!
Technorati tags:
07NTC
Web Accessibility
Web Usability
Tuesday, March 27. 2007
 Online collaboration is one of the most exciting and powerful opportunities we see developing on the web. Smart organizations are finding ways to use the web to connect together people who want to pitch in on important issues. This can enable policy-focused organizations to change the way they do their business – and change the pace of progress towards their goals.
The kinds of online collaboration that we find interesting are pretty focused on solving a problem, creating a tool, generating new ideas, and more. Most groups doing this find it essential to take an incremental approach and let the initiative evolve with experience, but the efforts are still very deliberate, structured, and strategic.
Some of the innovative uses of online collaboration that I watch and try to learn from include these “ten to watch”, in no particular order:
Media Volunteer, a database of media contacts for social change organizations, comprised of data collected and vetted through the short 15 minute efforts of many volunteers. An innovative tool to enable large volunteer populations to create something of substantial value, through many small contributions.
Innocentive is an online market for companies to pose scientific challenges (and associated prizes) to scientists to solve. Figure out how to solve this problem and earn a $50,000 prize: “Identification of a non-animal base water insoluble material for use as a shell, and processes to utilize such a shell to make crushable capsules.” This service allows companies to reach out to the global (!) science community, helping to find new thinking and novel approaches.
Collaborative Drug Discovery is an online service that enables researchers to "archive, mine, and collaborate to more effectively develop new drug candidates for commercial and humanitarian markets." It's interesting because it allows researchers a controlled way to share their data with other researcher - online and rapidly.
Population and Health InfoShare, 138 partner organizations working on population and health issues around the world contribute to this central electronic library and calendar. Valuable collaboration at the organizational partner level. (Forum One client.)
Wikipedia: you know it, you use it, and its growth continues on an amazing path. It's also branching into developing online books. Wikipedia is kind of the north star of how to use massive online collaboration to build a product – hard for anyone to replicate, but setting the direction for everyone.
Ashoka Changemakers, is doing some really creative work online, conducing competitions to find better ideas for international problems like domestic abuse, health care, conservation and others. Changemakers uses the web to collect nominations, to discuss and vet them, and - once winners are selected - to host discussions about how to put the winning ideas into effect. (Forum One client.)
Global Voices online: Global Voices is an international community of bloggers, aggregating stories from around the world, drawn from hundreds of blogs by a team of 15 regional editors. GV says that western voices dominate the news media and internet, and so it “focuses on the rest of the world. We aim to bring previously un-heard voices into the mainstream media.” GV is a whole different service that any individual blog provides, or even that a blog directory would provide, as GV provides tools and structure and editorial judgment that allows users to find and track developments across an amazing array of issues and locales.
Flickr is fun, colorful, really useful, and an amazing experiment in online collaboration. Blogger Fred Wilson puts it well in describing all the things Flickr does right, including focusing on content sharing, user profiles, tagging to organize content, easy re-use of content, engagement metrics (comments, views, favorites...) and more.
“Mashups”are combinations of online services, such as data layered over the top of a Google Map, courtesy of Google provide an open interface for programmers to use. This is collaboration at the “tool-builder” level, and something I think that more policy groups should seek to enable through the design of their own services. Check out this Global disease alert map, at HealthMap.
Predictive Markets, like the Iowa Electronic Markets and Intrade go way beyond sports betting and provide markets for people to wager their views on politics, avian flu appearance, and other current events. Wisdom of the crowds turns out to be a pretty good predictor.
I know I'm not covering a lot of other interesting efforts because I don't have time or do not know about or understand them (Second Life?!) So – please share your comments!
Technorati tags:
Media Volunteer
Innocentive
Collaborative Drug Discovery
Population and Health InfoShare
Changemakers
Flickr
HealthMap
Iowa Electronic Markets
Intrade
Tuesday, March 27. 2007
Several of us attended the 2007 Politics Online Conference here in Washington recently. One of the more interesting sessions was on the "Metrics and Research of Social Networks." It was a nicely-designed panel because each presenter built on the previous one's points. First we heard from Danyel Fischer of Microsoft Research. He presented findings from their ongoing analysis of Usenet groups. He described social networks as "showing who you are by who you know" or "who you reply to." He looked at not just who a person replies to, but who the recipient of a reply replies to. His findings show that in some discussion groups, the vast majority of participants don't do much. They reply to one person and move on. It's mostly a few very dedicated people responding to many other people; there are core members driving the show. Next, Harald Katzmair of FAS.Research described their work in developing viral marketing strategies by first turning lists of people into maps that show their connections. Lists that are ripe for analysis include lists that show connections based on links between blogs, MySpace friends lists, or even "tell-a-friend" activity. Now, I'm going to grossly oversimplify Harald's discussion here, but he pointed out that it is the connectors that you care about most – people who can cross divides among social groups. For political messages, the secret is to come up with an issue that is likely to be passed along to majority of users within the context of a particular community’s underlying values. Essentially you need to bridge "red" and "blue" issues. Katzmair called these "bridging stories." An example story might marry a community's concern about "security" with "access to opportunity." That resulting viral story is "Support zero tolerance for the roots of crime." Another example: "Clean technology" and "Creationism" would yield a story about "Let's protect God's creation by making money with clean technology."  Finally, Fred Gooltz of Advomatic, and a veteran of John Edward's One Committee (Edwards has "friends" on more than 30 social networking sites, he noted). Social network sites, Fred argued, are actually more accurately described as "social linking" sites in that what you care about is creating the links. A bad social network is like a bad party where there are cliques of people who are only talking to people they know. (Imagine the diagram at left without the red connecting lines.) To make connections between these cliques (Danyel and Harald might call them "clusters"), you need an amicable host to make introductions. For instance if Bill has five friends at the party but doesn't know Rebecca, and Rebecca has five friends at the party but doesn't know Bill, Jan must introduce Bill to Rebecca. Suddenly, Jan has connected the clusters and expanded the social network -- the red lines in the diagram at left. In other words, if you want your social network to grow, you need to have active "hosts" to make the connections. There's more of Fred's thoughts on his blog.
Tuesday, March 27. 2007
I'm excited to announce that we've assembled an excellent panel for our Web Executive Seminar at the National Press Club on April 24. The session is titled: "Blogging and Policy Organizations: Influential Channel for Social Change."
The theme of our event will be the methods in how organizations blogs, even when read by a small audience, can quickly inject ideas and messages into a larger influential audience. As bloggers' influence has ascended, mainstream media's influence has been on the wane. We'll discuss how blogs might fill the role in providing persuasive ideas to policy-makers, activists, and other key audiences. Our presenters will be:
- Kevin Carey, blogger for Education Sector's The Quick and the Ed.
- Michael Edson, technology chief and director of the Smithsonian American Art Museum's Eye Level blog.
- Christine Gorman, veteran journalist and former blogger for Time's Global Health Update (now writes the blog Health Media Watch).
- Ginny Stevens, ONE Campaign's ONE Blog.
I will be providing a little background on each presenter and a taste of their presentation over then next few weeks. Each of them has an interesting story to tell about how their organization got into blogging, and how it has opened up new opportunities to communicate and persuade. Until then, you can read the longer description of the event. I hope you'll consider joining our session!
Technorati tags: Blogging Web Executive Seminar Forum One
Tuesday, March 27. 2007
 We often look at how the commercial sector uses the web to engage customers and sell their products for lessons in how our public sector clients can use the web to sell their ideas and influence policy.
So I was interested to see The Wall Street Journal report in "On Madison Avenue, A Digital Wake-up Call" ( subscription required) that a Nike decision to find a new ad agency to handle its running shoe account "sent ripples across the industry."
Nike is dropping the Wieden + Kennedy creative ad shop after 25 years of handling its running shoe account to find an agency with more digital experience. The WSJ writes:
The message is clear: No matter how talented an agency's creative team or how well the client's management likes the firm's executives, the agency is of limited value unless it embraces digital media.
The article also quotes a digital advertising executive, David Murphy, saying,
If people aren't embracing digital they will get left behind; clients are already there and they are gravitating to agencies who get it.
Technorati tags:
Nike
Wednesday, March 14. 2007
I'm Andrew Cohen, and I'm pleased to be joining Influence as a regular contributor. I'm a Project Director at Forum One, and I'll be sharing ideas and techniques related to the technology challenges that nonprofits grapple with everyday. Since 1996, I've been working with Internet technology and helping organizations with both big vision stuff and deep in the trenches too. I come to Forum One from Beaconfire Consulting, where I was a founding member five years ago. At Beaconfire, and in prior pursuits over the past decade, I've led a wide variety of nonprofit technology projects mostly involving site redesigns including Content Management System selections and implementations. But I've also done site web site audits, accessibility evaluations, solution selections, audience analysis projects, opportunity assessments, and online marketing. Well, that's more than enough about me. Members of my burgeoning fan club can just read my bio. For those of you in and around Washington, DC, I'm managing Forum One's 2007 series of Web Executive Seminars at the National Press Club. Our first seminar was last month when about 75 people showed up for an engaging session on Mission-Driven User Experience. (Check out the event's page for photos, audio, and presentations from this session.) Our next seminar is on Blogging and Policy Organizations, and it is scheduled for April 24. We're lining up a really interesting panel of presenters. I'll be sharing much more about it soon. Ok, I've had enough writing about myself. Onward and upward!
Sunday, March 11. 2007

The Omidyar Network and others are funding a new start-up called Collaborative Drug Discovery, which has a product to enable scientists to "archive, mine, and collaborate to more effectively develop new drug candidates for commercial and humanitarian markets."
It's interesting at two levels - as a private entity focused on solving global health problems, and as an open-source research approach. The collaboration aspects of the product are that it allows structured collaboration and sharing among dispersed teams to speed innovation. It's applying an open-source model to disease and drug research. They state:
Benefits:
* Capture and organize fragmented and disorganized data.
* Data processing utilities
* Project continuity is maintained when group members leave.
* Collaborate: Test Group A's compounds with Group B's models against Group C's new target.
In addition to this project, Omidyar has a number of other very interesting efforts in its "Open Innovation" investment portfolio, including the Community Patent Project about which I blogged last week.
Technorati tags:
Collaborative Drug Discovery
Omidyar Network
Tuesday, March 6. 2007
 Forum One is sponsoring " The Policy Commons: Democracy When the Owners Take Control," a breakout session at Politics Online Conference 2007.
There is a great set of panelists including Rick Hinton from Red Hill Group, Conor Kenny from the Center for Media and Democracy, Greg Shnipel from Ashoka, and me. It will be moderated by Alan Rosenblatt from the Internet Advocacy Center. We'll be discussing how groups and individuals are coordinating online to identify and solve social problems with and without the involvement of government. We expect it to be an invigorating discussion of social production and politics.
If you haven't already, you can register online. Use this Forum One discount code (polc031507) to receive $245 off the standard rate.
Monday, March 5. 2007
There's fascinating news in the Washington Post about a new effort by the US Patent and Trademark Office to enlist the public in commenting on pending patent applications.
What's interesting is that this effort springs out of a very pragmatic need for the Patent Office - the need for help with the vast volume of reviews they have to conduct:
Last year, the agency's 4,000 examiners, headquartered in Alexandria, completed a record 332,000 applications. The tremendous workload has often left examiners with little time to conduct thorough reviews, according to sympathetic critics.
For a pilot set of patent applications, the PTO will provide online a new way for people to comment:
Anyone who believes he knows of information relating to these proposed patents will be able to post this online and solicit comments from others. But this will suddenly make available reams of information, which could be from suspect sources, and so the program includes a "reputation system" for ranking the material and evaluating the expertise of those submitting it.
The Patent Office will do several smart things with its online collaboration system:
* transparency: they will provide "extensive details" about commenters, to help users gauge the quality of people's contributions
* voting: the community will be called on to vote for the top 10 items that should be passed on to the Patent examiners.
We see online collaborative projects as offering many organizations tremendous opportunities to get their work done more efficiently, and often more effectively, than just doing it internally. Some examples of online collaboration to create value:
* MediaVolunteer, a collaborative online media contact database for non-profit organizations.
* Iowa Electronic Markets (FYI - Market for "Pres08_WTA
2008 US Presidential Election Winner Takes All Market" shows Dems at about 56% versus Reps 44%. )
* Ashoka's Changemakers.net uses online contests and collaboration/voting to identify and select innovative solutions to key social problems (disclaimer - client of ours.)
* Mars Clickworkers project by NASA enlisted thousands of volunteers to help it by mapping the outlines of Martian craters.
Other examples? Add them to comments below - thanks.
Technorati tags:
Collaboration
US Patent and Trademark Office
USPTO
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